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Feb 16, 2025

Because they are pushed. or pulled around by various objects (like molecular clouds, dwarf galaxies, or star-star interactions). The random speed in the Milky Way disk are of order 20-30 kilometers per second, about 10% of the rotation speed around the center of the Milky-Way (235 kilometers per second). This is why the thickness (height) of the disk is 10% of its radius.

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Avi Loeb
Avi Loeb

Written by Avi Loeb

Avi Loeb is the Baird Professor of Science at Harvard U. and a bestselling author. Check out his YouTube Channel at: https://www.youtube.com/@ProfessorAviLoeb